On the solution of wireless charging technology for electric vehicles
In a world where electric vehicle charging is the key to promoting energy conversion, other solutions can keep pace with electric charging stations. This solution is wireless charging. Wireless car charging is an enhanced version of smartphone charging, with several differences. Michael Rai Anderson, CEO of pluglesspower, told Power Electronics News that wireless induction charging enables electric vehicles to charge automatically without cables.
Technically, everything is scalable; However, with the increase of power transmission rate, the complexity and size of power management electronic equipment must also be improved. More importantly, with the increase of power, many other factors need to be considered, such as heat loss and heat management. The higher the inefficiency, the higher the power, the greater the heat loss, and the more heat management must be done.
Dr. Milan Rosina, chief analyst of power electronics and batteries at yole delopement (yole), said that EV charging requires higher voltage, power and more energy transfer. Therefore, technical, safety, cost and environmental challenges are more severe. He said: Although the wireless charger has frequent contact with the smartphone, it is difficult to accurately locate the vehicle above the charger, and the distance between the charger (transmitter) and the receiver installed on the vehicle is much larger.
Rosina pointed out that under actual conditions, energy transmission efficiency is low. At the same time, it is necessary to efficiently reduce costs and heat dissipation management challenges, and the impact of wireless charging on the environment must be reduced.
In addition, the high voltage and high power required for EV charging pose additional challenges to the safety and cost of wireless charging system. Rosina said: wireless charging and additional chargers are integrated into the vehicle, which increases the vehicle cost. There are also many challenges in installing EV wireless chargers in public places. Compared with wired chargers, the upgrading of the new generation of wireless chargers is much more complex. Autonomous charging is usually regarded as a convenient or even automatic charging method. It is true that autopilot has better use of automatic charging. Wireless charging seems to be a promising option. However, several companies have also developed automation solutions, such as battery replacement, robot arm charging or automatic mobile charging system. Once the demand for automation solutions is urgent, such solutions will compete with wireless charging.
Andy Wilson, business development director of unitedsic, believes that the earliest users of wireless charging will be commercial vehicles (buses, trucks and taxis). They hope to expand the range of vehicles by using wireless charging as a way of rapid supplementary charging. These supplementary charging events occur within a short period of time when the vehicle stops at the regular rest point. This dynamic mode requires a higher power transmission level than residential wireless charging. In residential wireless charging, charging can be much lower overnight.
In order to meet the high-power requirements of commercial supplementary charging, resonance magnetic induction must occur at a relatively high frequency, which requires faster switching equipment, he added. These requirements give full play to the advantages of broadband gap [WBG] semiconductor devices
Ali Hussain, marketing and strategy manager of ansenmey semiconductor, said that some wireless charging systems claim to provide up to 20kW power, and the efficiency from plug to battery is as high as 94%. He said: the resonant frequency is usually as high as 100kHz, so the fast switching of WBG is suitable for these systems.
Electric vehicle charging solution:
When it comes to electric vehicles, there are many ways to supplement the energy of vehicles, including battery charging, battery exchange and hydrogenation. Rosina pointed out that hydrogenation is used in hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles, which accounts for only a small part of the electric vehicle market. In the case of battery replacement, the workstation can identify the exact location of each battery replacement module by using computer vision and wireless communication.
Rosina said: in order to meet the government's strict CO2 emission reduction targets, the electrification of the fleet has become a mandatory measure. Although there are different degrees of electrification, the necessary emission reduction can be achieved only in electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.
Cable conductive charging includes manual connecting conductor between charging station and vehicle. Depending on the size of the cable, the current will pass through this wired connection, allowing high charging capacity. The main advantages of this charging method are:
1. Reduce infrastructure costs.
2. High power transmission efficiency.
3. Possibility of high-speed charging (but increased cost).
4. Low maintenance requirements.
5. There is little electromagnetic radiation.
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