Why can optical fiber transmission replace network cable?
Optical fiber Most people know about transmission, so what are its characteristics?
1、 Optical fiber The frequency band is very wide, theoretically up to 3 billion MHz.
Optical fiber has different losses to light of different frequencies, which affects the bandwidth, but the bandwidth in the lowest loss area can also reach 30000 GHz. At present, the bandwidth of single light source only accounts for a small part (the bandwidth of multi-mode fiber is about hundreds of MHz, and the good single-mode fiber can reach more than 10GHz). Using advanced coherent optical communication, 2000 optical carriers can be arranged in the range of 30000 GHz. Reuse waves can accommodate millions of channels.
2. The uninterrupted length is tens to 100 kilometers, while the ordinary copper wire (data line) is only a few hundred meters.
Currently practical Optical fiber High purity quartz (SiO2) is used. The attenuation can be reduced to 0.2db/km near the wavelength of 1550nm, which is close to the theoretical limit. So the disconnection distance may be far away.
3、 Optical fiber It is not affected by electromagnetic field and electromagnetic radiation, that is, it is not disturbed.
Optical fiber is a non-metallic dielectric material, and quartz (SiO2) is its basic component. Optical fiber only transmits light, does not conduct electricity, and is not affected by electromagnetic field. The transmitted optical signal is not affected by electromagnetic field, so the optical fiber transmission has electromagnetic interference, strong industrial interference resistance and is not affected by electromagnetic wave interference.
4. Light weight and small volume;
Optical fiber It is very thin. The diameter of single-mode fiber core is generally between 4um and 10um, and the outer diameter is only 125um. It is equipped with waterproof layer, stiffener, sheath, etc. the diameter of optical cable composed of 4 ~ 48 optical fibers is less than 13mm. It is much smaller than the standard coaxial cable diameter of 47mm. In addition, optical fiber is a kind of glass fiber with small specific gravity, which has the characteristics of small diameter, light weight and convenient installation.
5、 Optical fiber The communication transmission is not electrified, safe to use and low loss. It can be used in flammable and explosive dangerous places.
Optical fiber transmission loss has two characteristics. First, all cable TV channels have the same loss, which does not need to be balanced by an equalizer like a cable trunk. The other is that its loss hardly changes with the change of temperature, so there is no need to worry about the fluctuation of trunk level caused by ambient temperature.
6. The working environment has a wide temperature range and is hardly affected by any environment.
Optical fiber The transmission loss basically does not change with the change of temperature, so there is no need to worry about the horizontal signal fluctuation caused by the change of ambient temperature.
7. Strong chemical resistance and long service life.
Optical fiber The material itself is timely (SiO2), and the outer packaging material is usually a special engineering plastic with high corrosion resistance, so it is very suitable for the environment and acid and alkali resistance.
8. It has inherent confidentiality and will not disclose sensitive information or data.
because Optical fiber It only transmits light, no electricity and is not affected by electromagnetic field, so it has strong resistance. Therefore, the signal transmitted by optical fiber is not easy to be eavesdropped, which is conducive to confidentiality.
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